Showing posts with label THE ULTIMATE PHRASAL VERB BOOK. Show all posts
Showing posts with label THE ULTIMATE PHRASAL VERB BOOK. Show all posts
konan
Thursday, May 15, 2008

6. FOCUS ON: pronunciation of three-word phrasal verbs

6. FOCUS ON: pronunciation of three-word phrasal verbs

The pronunciation of three-word phrasal verbs is generally quite simple: the sec­ond, or middle, particle is accented regardless of whether the phrasal verb is sep­arable or inseparable:

/ think I've come UP with an answer to your problem.
The detective didn't get any information OUT of him.

Infinitive


present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

boil down to




boil down to & boils down to

boiling down to

boiled down to

boiled down to

1. boil down to p.v. When you say that something boils down to something else, you are saying that it is the basic cause of a more complicated situation or problem.

Most of the crime in this city boils down to drugs.

My decision to stay at this awful job boils down to one thing — money.

come down with





come down with & comes down with

coming down with

came down with

come down will

1. come down with p.v. When you are starting to get sick, you are coming down with something or coming down with an illness.

/ don't feel well. Maybe I'm coming down with something.

My grandmother said, "If you don't wear an undershirt, you'll come down with pneumonia."

32

Infinitive





present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

come up with




come up with & comes up with

coming up with

came up with

come up with


1. come up with p.v. When you think of an idea, plan, or solution, you come up with it.

It took me all night, but I came up with the answer.
Lydia wants to come up with a great idea for the party.









get around to
















get around to & gets around to


getting around to


got around to


gotten/got around to



1. get around to p.v. When you do something after waiting for some time because you are lazy, inefficient[S1] , or do not want to do it, you get around to it.

I didn't get around to doing my taxes until April 14.
Don't worry about the broken window. I'll get around to it one of these days.
get out of
















get out of & gets out of


getting out of


got out of


gotten/got out of



1. get out of p.v. When you get out of something or get out of doing something you must do but do not want to do, you find a way to avoid it.

Sam got out of gym class by pretending to be sick.

The boss wants me to work a double shift, but I'll get out of it.

I got out of going to church with my parents by pretending to be sick.

2. get... out of p.v. If an activity gives you pleasure, satisfaction, or some other benefit, you get pleasure, satisfaction, or some other benefit out of it.

I sat through that boring class for three months and didn't learn a thing. I didn't get anything out of it.

The judge didn't get any pleasure out of imposing[S2] such a harsh [S3] penalty.

3. get... out of p.v. When you use force, pressure, or deceit to get something, such as information or money, from people, you get it out of them.

They tortured him for days, but they couldn't get any information out of him.

It took me a while, but I got the whole story out of her.
go back on
















go back on & goes back on


going back on


went back on


gone back on



1. go back on p.v. When you make a promise, but you do not do what you promised to do, you go back on your promise.

I promised to take my son to a baseball game, and I'm not going back on my word.

The President went back on his pledge[S4] not to raise taxes.

33

Infinitive

present tense


-ing form


past tense


past participle
go through with
















go through with & goes through with


going through with


went through with


gone through with



1. go through with p.v. When you do something that you have decided to

do even though it may be dangerous or unpleasant or others may object, you go

through with it.

The spokeswoman said the company would go through with its plan to move the company to Mexico.
Despite his family's opposition, Erik went through with his decision to quit his job and start his own business.
monkey around with
















monkey around with & monkeys around with


monkeying around with


monkeyed around with


monkeyed around with



1. monkey around with p.v. [informal] When you adjust or try to repair mechanical devices even though you do not have permission or do not have the skill to do it properly, you monkey around with them.

I monkeyed around with my camera, and I think maybe I fixed it.

Frank was monkeying around with my printer, and now it doesn't work.

EXERCISE 6a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. I'm not surprised that Ali stayed home from work today. Yesterday he thought he might be

________ ________ ________ a cold.

2. Last year, the company ________ ________ ________ its plan to move from downtown to the suburbs.

3. I've thought and thought, but I can't ________ ________ ________ any reason why your idea won't work.

4. Fixing the leak in the roof is going to be a big job, but I have to ________ ________

________ it before the next rain.

5. Heather didn't want to tell me why she was mad, but I finally ________ the reason

________ ________ her.

6. I don't ________ much satisfaction ________ ________ teaching students who don't want to be in the class.

34

7. The explanation for our failure to solve this problem isn't complicated. It really ________

_______ ________ a lack of funding.

8. I think you should take your VCR to a repair shop. If you ________ ________

_______ it, you'll just make it worse.

9. I'm supposed to report for jury duty on Monday, but I don't want to. I've got to think of a way to _______ ________ ________ it.

10. You lied to me! You promised me you would quit smoking, and now you've ________

_______ ________ your word.

EXERCISE 6b — Write answers to the questions using phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. Tom was very nervous about getting married, but he did it. What did Tom do?

2. We were in Paris for five days, but we never found time to go to the Eiffel Tower. What didn't we do?

3. My father said I had to cut the grass, but I told him I would do it tomorrow. What did I do?

4. Janice really likes teaching because it gives her a lot of satisfaction. Why does Janice like teaching?

5. Ms. Cummings thought of a way to manufacture her company's products more cheaply. What did Ms. Cummings do?

6. There are many reasons why one house sells for a higher price than other houses, but the main reason is the house's location. Why does one house sell for more than another?

7. You feel a little sick now, and you think you'll have a cold tomorrow. What's happening to you today?

8. I don't really know what to do, but I'll try to fix the air conditioner anyway. What will I do to the air conditioner?

9. My wife didn't talk to me all day, but she said nothing was wrong. I asked her again and again what the problem was and she finally told me. What did I do?

10. Raquel promised Alex she would go to the dance with him, but she went with Carlos instead. What did Raquel do?

35

EXERCISE 6c, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from previous sections. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense. To check their meanings, review the section number given after each one.

burn down, 5 cheat on,4
find out, 5


go after, 4
hand back, 5
look at, 5


look up, 4
pile up, 5
plan for, 4


point to, 4
put to, 4
wrap up, 4



1. We've been at this meeting all afternoon. Don't you think we should ________ it ________ and go home?

2. If we send out 75 invitations to the wedding, and everyone we invited brings his or her spouse, we should ________ ________ 150 guests.

3. Lydia ________ her best friend from college ________ when she was in Las Vegas.

4. The students who ________ ________ the test by writing the answers on their hands were expelled from school.

5. This camera isn't working right. I'm going to take it to Jim at the photo shop and ask him to ________________it.

6. Bill won't be happy if he ________ ________ that you scratched his car.

7. My son's thinking about ________ ________ his master's degree.

8. Evidence gathered after the air plane crash ________ ________ engine failure as the cause.

9. I really ________ it ________ her, and she admitted that I was right.

10. We'd better do the laundry soon; it's starting to ________ ________.

11. The police officer ________ my driver's license ________ to me along with a ticket.

12. The detective thinks the owner ________ ________ his restaurant for the insurance money.

EXERCISE 6d — Review the explanation at the beginning of Section 5 of how two-word phrasal verbs are pronounced. Then, say each sentence in Exercise 6c aloud and circle the verb or particle that is accented.

[S1]adj. (of persons) неумелый, неспособный, нерасторопный; (of organizations, measures etc.) неэффективный, недейственный; малопроизводительный; (of machines) непроизводительный.

[S2]adj. внушительный, импозантный, представительный.

[S3]2. (severe) суровый.

[S4]n. 1. (thg. left as earnest of intent; token) залог. 2. (promise) обет, обещание; he has signed the (temperance) pledge он дал зарок не пить. 3.: goods in pledge товары в залоге; take out of pledge выкупать, выкупить (из заклада). v.t. 1. (give as security) отдавать, -ать в залог; (pawn) закладывать, -ложить; pledge o.s. обязываться, -аться; ручаться, поручиться; I pledge my word даю слово; ручаюсь. 2. (enjoin): I pledged him to secrecy я взял с него слово не говорить (об этом).


Labels:

konan

5. FOCUS ON: pronunciation of two-word phrasal verbs

5

5. FOCUS ON: pronunciation of two-word phrasal verbs

Nonseparable phrasal verbs

Intransitive nonseparable phrasal verbs (verbs that do not allow an object) are usually accented on the particle:

The barn got hit by lightning, and it burned DOWN.

Ned drank so much that he passed OUT on the bathroom floor.

Transitive nonseparable phrasal verbs (verbs that require an object) are usu­ally accented on the verb:

Hank's been CHEATING on his wife for years.

I told the teacher my dog ate my homework, but she didn't FALL for it.

Separable phrasal verbs

Separable phrasal verbs (which are always transitive) are usually accented on the particle:

The British soldiers tried to burn DOWN the White House.

The teacher passed them OUT.

As the examples above show, a single phrasal verb can belong to more than one cat­egory depending on its meaning.

Infinitive

present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

break down




break down S breaks down

breaking down

broke down

broken down

1. breakdown p.v. When something mechanical breaks down, it does not function.

24

/ was late for work because my car broke down.

This photocopier is a piece of junk — it breaks down every day.

broken-down part.adj. When something is old, in bad condition, or not functioning properly, it is broken-down.

My car is a broken-down piece of junk.

breakdown n. A breakdown is a situation in which something mechanical has broken down.

After that last breakdown, I decided it was time for a new car.

2. breakdown p.v. When an arrangement, agreement, negotiation, plan, or marriage breaks down, one or more persons involved is not cooperating or participating because of a disagreement or problem.

After he started drinking heavily, their marriage started to break down.
The peace negotiations broke down because neither side was willing to compromise.

breakdown n. A situation in which an arrangement, agreement, negotiation, plan, or marriage has broken down is a breakdown.







Neither side would give an inch, and there was a breakdown in the negotiations.

3. breakdown p.v. When you break down, you lose self-control and become emotionally or mentally confused.

When the judge sentenced Jones to life in prison, he broke down and begged for mercy.
Tom breaks down whenever he thinks of the tragedy.

breakdown n. A situation in which someone has broken down and is very upset or confused is a breakdown.

Marvin had a complete mental breakdown and started to see invisible people.

4. break down p.v. When something decomposes or reduces to its smallest parts or is reduced by someone to its smallest parts, it breaks down.

After the poison breaks down, it's quite harmless.

Anticoagulant drugs are used to break down blood clots.

5. break... down p.v. When you reduce a process, situation, problem, plan, or idea to its basic parts to make it easier to understand, you break it down.

The professor's plan seemed really complicated, but after he broke it down for us, we understood it a little better.

If you break the manufacturing process down into steps, it's easier to train new workers.

6. break ... down p.v. When you use force to go through a door that is locked, you break it down.

25

The police broke the door down and arrested the bank robbers.

A door had to be broken down to rescue the people trapped by the fire.

Infinitive


























present tense


-ing form


past tense


past participle
burn down


























burn down & burns down


burning down


burned down


burned down



1. burn ... down p.v. When a building or other structure burns down or someone burns it down, it is completely destroyed by fire.

Though most of Chicago burned down in 1871, a few buildings survived.

The owner was arrested for deliberately burning his factory down.
call in


























call in & calls in


calling in


called in


called in



1. call in p.v. When you call your place of employment to say you cannot work that day because you are sick, you call in or call in sick.

The manager was angry when her secretary called in three days in a row.

Calling in sick too often is a good way to get fired.

2. call... in p.v. When you request the help of people or of an organization with more experience, power, or knowledge to help with a problem or difficult project, you call them in.

When the local police couldn't handle the riot, the National Guard was called in.
The local police chief considered calling the FBI in to help solve the crime.
find out


























find out & finds out


finding out


found out


found out



1. find ... out p.v. [not usually separated — the object can be a noun, a noun clause, or a complete sentence] When you find out information or a fact, you learn or become aware of that information or fact.

If you don't know when the movie starts, look in the newspaper to find out.

I met a nice man at the party, but I never found out his name.

I met a nice man at the party, but I never found out what his name was.

I was surprised when I found out that he can speak fourteen languages.

I was surprised when I found out he can speak fourteen languages.

I tried to get the information, but I couldn't find it out.
hand back


























hand back & hands back


handing back


handed back


handed back



1. hand... back (to) p.v. When you return things to people by holding them in your hand and extending your arm, you hand them back or hand them back to them.

The teacher will hand the tests back in third period.
The guard handed my ID card back to me.



26

Infinitive






present tense


-ing form


past tense


past participle
look at


























look at & looks at


looking at


looked at


looked at



1. look at p.v. When you focus your eyes on people or things, you look at them.

/ looked at her and told her I loved her.
Look at me when I talk to you!

2. look at p.v. When you examine something or a situation and decide what to do about it, you look at it.

The mechanic looked at my car but couldn't find anything wrong with it.
Your finger might be broken; you should have Dr. Smith look at it.

3. look at p.v. When you think a certain way or have an opinion about something, that is the way you look at it.

The way I look at it, Congress is to blame for this mess, not the President.
What should be done about this situation depends on how you look at it.

4. look at p.v. [informal — always continuous] When you say that people are looking at an amount of money or a length of time, you mean that this is how much they think something will cost or how long something will take.

That was a serious injury. You're looking at months and months of physical therapy.
Putting a new roof on this house isn't going to be cheap. You're looking at at least $15,000.

pile up


























pile up & piles up


piling up


piled up


piled up



1. pile... up p.v. When things increase in number and start to form a pile, they pile up. When people add things to a pile, they pile them up.

The snow piled up so high that I couldn't open my door. In the fall we pile the dead leaves up in the driveway and burn them.

piled up part.adj. When things are in a pile, they are piled up.

A lot of dirty laundry is piled up in the basement.

2. pile up p.v. When work or something else that must be done increases faster than you can do it, it piles up.

I'm really worried about money. My bills are piling up faster than I can pay them.
My work really piled up white I was on vacation.
setup


























set up & sets up


setting up


set up


set up



1. set... up p.v. When you arrange the parts of something so that they are in their proper position and can function, you set it up.

27

The kids got a swing set for Christmas, and Dad had to set it up in the snow.

When you're camping, be sure to set your tent up before it gets dark.

set up part.adj. After the parts of something are in their proper position and function properly, they are set up.

The party is starting in one hour. Are the tables set up?

setup n. A collection or arrangement of parts or equipment necessary for a certain procedure or task is a setup.

The nurse prepared setups for the hospital emergency room.

2. set... up p.v. When you plan and organize an activity or project, you set it up.

I set up a 4:00 meeting with Jones and his lawyer.
Setting up a meeting of all fifty governors took a lot of planning.

set up part.adj. When an activity or project is planned, arranged, or organized, it is set up.

The arrangements for the wedding were very complicated, but everything is set up now.

setup n. How an activity or project is planned or arranged is the setup. What's the setup for the Fourth of July picnic?

3. set... up p.v. [informal] When you commit a crime but make it appear that another, innocent person is guilty of the crime, you set the innocent person up.

Joe robbed the bank and tried to set me up by leaving some of the stolen money in my apartment and then telling the police about it. The detective didn't believe me when I told him I was set up.

setup n. [informal] An attempt by someone to make it appear that an innocent person is guilty of a crime is a setup.

/ told the detective it was a setup and that I could prove I had been at the racetrack when the bank was robbed.

EXERCISE 5a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. When he heard that his brother had been killed, he ________ ________ and cried.

2. We're expecting company. Can you ________________ the card table in the dining room?

3. Can you help wash the dishes, please? They're really beginning to ________ ________.

4. I gave the cashier my credit card, and then she ________ it ________ to me.

5. I don't know the answer, but I'll try to ________ ________.

6. We were very busy at work today. Two people ________ ________ sick.

7. Raul _______ ________ his watch and told me he had to leave.

8. My car is a real piece of junk. It ________ ________ at least once a week.

9. I'm a little confused about your theory. Would you mind ________ it ________ for me?

10. I'll tell the judge that I'm innocent and that Ned Kelly________me________.

11. Hey, any way you ________ ________ it, one thing's for sure — we have to get more crooks off the streets and into the jails.

12. This is the FBI — open the door or we'll ________ it ________!

13. Maybe I can fix your computer. I'll________________it after dinner.

14. The family doctor has never seen a case of malaria before, so he is ________ _______ a specialist.

'15. Some chemical compounds start to ________ ________ after only a few hours.

16. The arsonist tried to ________ ________ several houses in the neighborhood.

17. The secretary is ________ ________ a meeting.

18. The civil war started again after the peace talks ________ ________.

19. Jim buys a newspaper every day, but he never puts it in the garbage when he is finished. Newspapers are slowly ________ ________ in his basement.

20. The mechanic said, "To fix a car after an accident that bad, I'd say you're ________ _______ at least $4,000."

EXERCISE 5b — Review the explanation at the beginning of this section of how two-word phrasal verbs are pronounced. Then, say each sentence in Exercise 5a aloud and circle the verb or particle that is accented.

EXERCISE 5c — Write three sentences using the objects in parentheses. Be sure to put the objects in the right place.

1. The firefighters broke down. (the door, it)
————————————————————————————————————————————————————— .

2. They burned down, (the old barn, it) ————————————————————————————————————————————————————— .

3. He called in. (Dr. Shapiro,her) ————————————————————————————————————————————————————— .

4. Our teacher handed back. (the papers, them) ————————————————————————————————————————————————————— .

5. I set up. (the ironing board, it) ————————————————————————————————————————————————————— .



EXERCISE 5d — Write answers to the questions using phrasal verbs, participle adjectives, and nouns from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. Jane arranged a baby shower. What did she do?

2. In Question 1, how would you describe the baby shower after Jane arranged it?

3. I get magazines in the mail faster than I can read them. What are my magazines doing?

4. In Question 3, how would you describe my magazines?

5. Todd returned the pen to Mark. What did Todd do?

6. Uncle Fred's car had a mechanical problem, and it stopped running. What did it do?

7. In Question 6, how would you describe Uncle Fred's car?

8. In Question 6, what did Uncle Fred have?

9. The soldiers destroyed the building with fire. What did the soldiers do?

10. The soldiers destroyed the building with fire. What did the building do?

11. When the detective told Jake he could get the death penalty, he became very nervous and upset. What did Jake do?

12. In Question 11, what did Jake have?

13. The boss was angry because you didn't call to say that you were sick and couldn't work. Why was the boss angry?

14. Judy took her new computer out of the box, connected alt the cables, and got it ready to use. What did she do to her computer?

15. In Question 14, after Judy took her new computer out of the box, connected all the cables, and got it ready to use, how would you describe it?

16. The door was locked, but Hank forced it open and got inside. What did Hank do?

17. I learned that All's excuse was a big lie. What did I do?

EXERCISE 5e, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from previous sections. Be sure the phrasal verbs are In the correct tense. To check their meanings, review the section number given after each one.

come off, 2

feel up to, 3

get over with, 3

go along with, 3


go in for, 3

look forward to, 3 put up with, 3

stay off,2


talk down to, 3 throw up, 2



1. Her husband is a real jerk. How does she ________ ________ ________ him?

2. I wasn't sure if Charles ________ ________ ________ going scuba diving again so soon after the shark attack.

3. I'm telling you for the last time! ________ ________ the grass!

4. Can you help me with this jar? The top won't ________ ________.

5. I've never been to Italy, and I'm really ________ ________ ________ going there.



31

6. I'm sorry I can't agree with you Dad, but I have to ________ ________

________ Mom.

7. When I had food poisoning I ________ ________ all night long.

8. You can be sure Paul will take his vacation out west. He really ________ ____ outdoor stuff like camping and mountain climbing.

9. Can you believe the nerve of that guy in the meeting yesterday? He ________

________ ________ me as if I was the stupidest guy on Earth!

10. I'm tired of arguing about the divorce settlement. I just want to ________ it.







Labels:

konan

4. FOCUS ON: present and past continuous phrasal verbs

4. FOCUS ON: present and past continuous phrasal verbs

Like one-word verbs, phrasal verbs can normally be used in the continuous tense (also called the progressive tense) using the -ing form of the verb (also called the present participle) and a form of be:

The principal told me you'd been cheating on the test.

I've been going after my master's for nearly five years.

Which dictionary is he looking up the words in?

How will she be paying for her tuition bill?

The compass needle couldn't be pointing to the south.

We would be planning for a bigger crowd if the weather weren't so bad.

They should be wrapping the meeting up in a few minutes.

Thanks for all your help. I'm sorry for putting you to so much trouble.

Infinitive


present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

cheat on






cheat on & cheats on

cheating on

cheated on

cheated on

1. cheat on p.v. When you cheat on your sexual partner, you have sex or a romantic relationship with another person.

Sarah filed for divorce after she caught George cheating on her. Can you believe it? She was cheating on me with my best friend!

2. cheat on p.v. When you do something dishonest so that you can do better on a test, you cheat on the test.

The teacher caught Ali cheating on the exam.

If I didn't cheat on the tests, I'd never pass any of my classes.

go after






go after & goes after

going after

went after

gone after

1. go after p.v. When you chase and try to physically stop or to attack people, you go after them.

A policeman saw him stealing the car and went after him.

Captain Morgan was ordered to go after the enemy soldiers.

2. go after p.v. When law enforcement officials try to prosecute people through a legal procedure, they go after them.

Federal prosecutors are now going after the top drug dealers.

The senator introduced a bill designed to go after deadbeat dads.

3. go after p.v. When a business tries to increase its profits by trying to increase its market share or its number of customers, it goes after them.

18

The tobacco company denied going after the teenage market.

The CEO said he wanted to go after new customers in China.

4. go after p.v. When you go after something, you try to obtain it even though it may be difficult to do.

Sofia went after a degree in accounting.

Todd trained for a year before going after the record in the 100-yard dash.

Infinitive


present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

look up






look up & looks up

looking up

looked up

looked up

1. look... up p.v. When you get information from a reference book, such as a word from a dictionary or a telephone number from a telephone book, you look the word or number up.

The teacher told the students to look the new words up in a dictionary.

I looked up his number, but it's not in the phone book.

2. look... up p.v. When you locate and visit people you have not seen for a long time, you look them up.

/ was in Dallas on business, and I looked up Dan Jones, my old college roommate.

If you're ever in Kempton, look me up.

3. look up p.v. When a situation is looking up or starting to look up, it is improving.

Business was pretty bad for a while, but things are starting to look up. I'm much happier than I was last year. Things are looking up.









pay for
















pay for & pays for


paying for


paid for


paid for



1. pay... for p.v. When you give someone money in exchange for something, you pay for it or pay someone for it.

Can I pay for this stuff with a credit card?

Alfonso paid the waiter for his dinner.

paid for part.adj. After you have paid for something, it is paid for. My car is old, but at least it's paid for.

2. pay for p.v. When you are punished for something, you pay for what you have done.
I caught the guy who's spreading these false rumors about me, and he paid for ruining my reputation. Young people think that drugs are harmless, but they'll pay for their foolishness someday.

19

Infinitive




present tense


-ing form


past tense


past participle
plan for
















plan for & plans for


planning for


planned for


planned for



1. plan for p.v. When you make preparations for something in the future, you plan for it.

The festival was a disaster because they didn't plan for such a huge crowd.

It's never to early too start planning for retirement.
point to
















point to & points to


pointing to


pointed to


pointed to



1. point to p.v. When you indicate people or things with your hand or a finger, you point to them. When an arrow or a sign indicates something, it points to it.

The waitress couldn't hear me, so I pointed to my empty glass and she understood. The prosecutor asked, "Can you point to the man you saw carrying the gun?"

2. point to p.v. When a situation or occurrence causes you to consider something else, it points to that thing.

These terrible test scores point to a need for some major changes in our educational system.

The fact that all the people with food poisoning ate tuna salad sandwiches pointed to contaminated mayonnaise as the source of the illness.
put to
















put to & puts to


putting to


put to


put to



1. put... to p.v. When you confront people with a difficult or thought-provoking question, accusation, or proposition, you put it to them.

He didn't want to tell me the truth, but I really put it to him, and he finally told me the whole story.

When Prof. Kline put his theory to me like that, I realized what he was talking about.

2. put... to p.v. When you put people to trouble or put them to an expense, you cause them to do extra work or to spend money.

Thanks for helping me with my flat tire. I'm sorry to put you to so much trouble.

I know my father would pay my dental bill if I asked him, but I hate to put him to such an expense.

3. put ...to p.v. When you put part of your body or something in your hand to something, you touch or press it to something.

The neighbors were arguing again, so we put our ears to the wall to try to hear what they were saying.

When he put a gun to my head, I realized he wasn't joking.

20

Infinitive




present tense


-ing form


past tense


past participle
wrap up
















wrap up & wraps up


wrapping up


wrapped up


wrapped up



1. wrap... up p.v. When you enclose an object in some kind of paper, usually gift wrapping paper or packaging paper, you wrap it up.

/ have to wrap this gift up before I go to the party.

The movers wrapped up the china with newspapers.

wrapped up part.adj. After you enclose an object in some kind of paper, usually gift wrapping paper or packaging paper, it is wrapped up.

2. wrap... up p.v. When you conclude an event that has been happening for some time, you wrap it up. Wind up is similar to wrap up.

We wrapped up the meeting around 4:00 and went home.

The salesman blabbered for two hours before I finally told him to wrap it up.

EXERCISE 4a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. It's 12:30. Let's________this meeting________and goto lunch.

2. There was no way he could deny his guilt after the prosecutor ________ it _______ him.

3. The high crime rate ________ ________ a need for more police officers.

4. You'll _______ ________ what you did to me if it's the last thing I ever do!

5. The principal gave a zero to each of the students who ________ ________ the test.

6. I _______ my ear ________ the wall to try to hear what Sally was saying about me.

7. Mike is ________ the words ________ in the dictionary.

8. The police officers ________ ________ the robbers, but they didn't catch them.

9. Linda told Ned that she would divorce him if he ever ________ ________ her again.

10. Yes, it was quite a surprise — we didn't ________ ________ twins.

11. We saw an arrow________________the door at the end of the hallway.

12. After she won the silver medal, she ________ ________ the gold.

13. Most insurance companies won't ________ ________ plastic surgery.

14. I returned to my hometown for the first time in forty years and ________ ________ my first girlfriend.

21

15. The guy in the seafood store _________ the fish _________ in old newspapers.

16. The FBI is ________ ________ major drug smugglers.

17. These last six months have been difficult for Sally, but now things are starting to

18. The company started in California, but now it's ________ ________ customers all over the country.

19. You ________ me ________ a lot of trouble to help you move your piano, and you didn't even say thank you.

EXERCISE 4b — Write sentences using the objects in parentheses. Be sure to put the objects in the right place.

1. I was looking up in the dictionary, (a word, it) ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

2. I was in Boston looking up. (some old army buddies, them) ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

3. Dad's upstairs wrapping up. (Mom's birthday present, it) ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

4. The committee is wrapping up. (their discussion, it) ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

22



EXERCISE 4c — Write answers to the questions using phrasal verbs and participle adjectives from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. He showed me where the bathroom was with his finger. What did he do?

2. We're preparing for 300 wedding guests. What are we doing?

3. The situation is getting better. What is the situation doing?

4. The little boy ran away, and his father chased him and tried to catch him. What did the father do?

5. Sofia is going to try to break the record in the high jump. What is Sofia going to try to do?

6. Tom did a lot of work to get his guest bedroom ready for me when I visited him. What did I do to Tom?

7. I'm giving money to the cashier for the book I want to buy. What am I doing?

8. In Question 7, how would you describe the book after I give the money to the cashier?

9. The people in the meeting are concluding the meeting. What are they doing?

10. When Rosa was in New Orleans, she looked for and visited a childhood friend. What did Rosa do to her friend?

11. Jim asked you a really difficult question. What did Jim do to you?

12. Megan is trying to find Erik's telephone number in a telephone book. What is Megan doing?

13. Tom is married, but he slept with another woman. What did Tom do to his wife?

EXERCISE 4d, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from previous sections. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense. To check their meanings, review the section number given after each one.

come from, 2


figure out, 1


hear about, 2


pull through, 2

fall for, 2


give in, 1


look for, 1


show up, 1



1. I ______ ________ your mother on our first date, and we got married three months later.

2. Carmen's family ________ _________ Michoacan around twenty years ago.

3. Paul was supposed to meet us at 8:00, but he never ________ _________.

23

4. These instructions don't make any sense at all. I can't ________ them ________.

5. After Aunt Mary's stroke, her chances didn't look good, but she ________ _______

1. My daughter begged me to let her get her ears pierced, and I finally ________

7. My father was listening to the radio, and he said he ________ ________ a new car that runs on water.






Labels:

konan
Wednesday, May 14, 2008

3. FOCUS ON: three-word phrasal verbs

3. FOCUS ON: three-word phrasal verbs

Phrasal verbs are not always composed of two words. Three-word phrasal verbs are composed of a verb and two particles: the first particle is normally an adverb, and the second a preposition. Like two-word phrasal verbs, three-word phrasal verbs are either separable or nonseparable:

I know it's been a long day, but do you feel up to playing tennis after dinner?

Jake always went in for fishing when he was a kid. It was nice to meet you, and I look forward to seeing you again.

I'm sorry I can't say yes about the motorcycle, but I have to go along with your mother's decision.

I've put up with these love handles long enough — next week I'm getting liposuction.

Mr. Baker tried to screw his ex-wife out of her share of the lottery prize.

You talk down to me like I'm some kind of idiot. Karen's nervous about the job interview.

She just wants to get it over with so she can stop worrying about it.

Infinitive

present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

feel up to

feel up to & feels up to

feeling up to

felt up to

feel up to

1. feel up to p.v. When you feel up to doing something, you have the confidence[S1] or energy to do it.

I'm sorry to cancel, but I just don't feel up to going dancing tonight.

The top of the mountain is only 1,000 feet away — do you feel up to it?

get over with

get over with & gets over with

getting over with

got over with

gotten over with

1. get... over with p.v. [always separated] When you want to get something over with, it is because it is something unpleasant that you want to finish so that you can stop worrying about it or dreading[S2] it.

Let's fix both cavities[S3] today, doctor; I just want to get it over with.

I think it's better to get the exam over with first period than to be nervous about it all day long.

go along with

go along with & goes along with

going along with

went along with

gone along with

1. go along with p.v. When you agree with people or agree with what they are saying, you go along with them.

I understand your concern[S4] , Linda, but I have to go along with Maria on this matter.

What's my opinion? I go along with Omar.

14


2. go along with p.v. When you obey[S5] a rule or follow a decision, you go along with it.

Mrs. Taylor wasn't happy about the committee's decision, but she went along with it anyway.

I don't care what the boss says — I'm not going along with any changes that will mean longer hours for less money.

Infinitive

present tense

-ing form

past tense

past participle

go in for

go in for & goes in for

going in for

went in for

gone in for

1. go in for p.v. When you go in for a certain activity, you like it and do it regularly.

Bryan really goes in for any kind of outdoor activity.

When I was a kid I went in for football, but I don't watch it much anymore.

look forward to

look forward to & looks forward to

looking forward to

looked forward to

looked forward to

1. look forward to p.v. When you look forward to something or look forward to

doing something, you are excited about something in the future because you enjoy it or because it will benefit you in some way.

It's been four years since my brother went overseas. I'm looking forward to seeing him again.

I look forward to an opportunity to meet with you in person.

put up with

put up with & puts up with

putting up with

put up with

put up with

1. put up with p.v. When you put up with something you do not like or are not happy about, you accept it and do not try to change it.

Her neighbors have loud parties every night, but she doesn't complain. She just puts up with it.

My husband said, "I've put up with your brother long enough!"

screw out of

screw out of & screws out of screwing out of

screwed out of

screwed out of

1. screw... out of p.v. [informal] When you get money or something valuable from people in a dishonest way, you screw them out of it.

That con man screwed me out of my life savings.

Their sleazy son-in-law screwed them out of thousands of dollars.

talk down to

talk down to & talks down to

talking down to

talked down to

talked down to

1. talk down to p.v. When you talk down to people, you use a tone of voice or an attitude that shows you think they are less intelligent, less educated, or from a lower level of society than you.

15

/ was furious about the way he talked down to me!

Bob hates Jane because of the way she talks down to him.

EXERCISE 3a — Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. Thanks for inviting me, but I don't ________ ________ ________ card games.

2. I couldn't ________ ________ ________ my husband's smoking any longer.

I told him to choose between cigarettes and me.

3. I'm sorry, but I think your plan is a big mistake, and I can't ________ ________

________it.

4. Even though Mr. Watson is the richest man in town, he never ________ ________

________ people.

5. It's been only two weeks since the tragedy. I'm sure they don't ________ ________

________ going to the party.

6. If that crook thinks he's going to ________ me ________ ________

500 bucks, he's crazy!

7. The whole family's going to be here for Thanksgiving, and Mom is really ________

________________it.

8. I volunteered to give my speech first just so I could ________ it ________

9. Even if you don't like the rules, you have to ________ ________ ________

them.

EXERCISE 3b — Write answers to the questions using phrasal verbs from this section. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense.

1. Jerry's brother-in-law talks to him like he's an idiot. How does Jerry's brother-in-law talk to Jerry?

2. Nicole can't work tomorrow, and she's nervous about telling her boss. What should Nicole do?

3. They paid $5,000 too much for their house because the salesman lied to them. What did the salesman do to them?

16

4. Sally's going to fly in an airplane for the first time, and she's very excited about it. How does Sally feel about flying in an airplane?

5. The winters in Minneapolis are terrible, but you can't move or change the weather. What do you have to do?

6. Erik just got out of the hospital, and he doesn't feel strong enough to go back to work. Why can't Erik go back to work?

7. I thought the new policy was an excellent idea, and I agreed with it 100 percent. How did I feel about the new policy?

EXERCISE 3c, Review — Complete the sentences with these phrasal verbs from Section 2. Be sure the phrasal verbs are in the correct tense. To check their meanings, review Section 2.

come off

fall for

hear about

stay off

doze off

give in

pull through

throw up

1. Miguel told me he didn't steal my TV, but I didn't________________ his lies.

2. Jim is really sick, and he stayed home from school today. He ________ ________

twice last night.

3. After a few weeks, the gold on this cheap jewelry starts to ________ ________.

4. He kept nagging and nagging, and I finally ________ ________.

5. If that cat doesn't learn to ________ ________ the table, it will have to go.

6. After Betty's temperature got up to 105 degrees, we started to think she might not

7. The meeting was so boring that I ________ ________.

8. I _______ ________ a country where people use big stones for money.

17

[S1]3. (trust): I have confidence in him я уверен в нём; я верю в него; he enjoys her confidence он пользуется её доверием; he gained her confidence он завоевал её доверие. 4. (certainty, assurance) уверенность; самоуверенность; he spoke with confidence он говорил с уверенностью. 5.: confidence trick мошенничество; confidence man, trickster мошенник, аферист.

[S2]n. ужас, страх; stand in dread of s.o. бояться (impf.) кого-н.; in dread of one’s life в страхе за свою жизнь. adj. ужасный, грозный. v.t. бояться (impf.) +g.; I dread to think what may happen мне страшно подумать, что может случиться.

[S3]n. полость, впадина; (in tooth) дупло.

[S4]n. 5. (anxiety) беспокойство. 1. (affair) отношение, касательство; it is no concern of mine это меня не касается; это не имеет ко мне никакого отношения.

[S5]v.t. (comply with): obey the laws подчиняться, -иться законам;

Labels:

Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)

Blogger Templates by Blog Forum